Japanese art and meaning.

The chrysanthemum (kiku in Japanese), which also appears in the hanafuda card deck, begins blooming in September, when much of Japan is still unbearably hot.  Originally imported from China more than a thousand years ago, the chrysanthemum, like the peony, was first used for medicinal purposes .  Later, the yellow flower, with its radiant pedals, was compared to the sun and admired during fall chysantheum-viewing parties where participants drank wine made from the flowers.  For a country whose imperial line is descended from the Shinto sun goddess Amaterasu, the chrysanthemum was a perfect fit.  In the early 13th century, Emperor Go-Toba became enamored with the flower and had its motifs emblazoned on his kimono as well as his sword. With its lengthy autumn bloom season, it's perennial flowers, and its medicinal properties, the chrysanthemum symbolized long life, making it a perfect flower for an emperor intending a lengthy reign .  In the 14th centur...